Completing the walk in stages, coming back to spend each night in Moscow
This can be convenient for those who live in Moscow. Then you can do the hiking on weekends or your days off. You can catch a train or a bus back to Moscow pretty much anywhere all along the trail.
The recommended distance for a day is 20-25 km.
This is the easiest option, most suitable for hiking beginners.

Outfit.
Your choice of clothes and shoes should be dictated by the weather and your comfort. For a one-day trip you won't need anything special – just what you would wear for a walk in the nearest park. But do not forget that any new footwear needs some breaking-in before you can really trust your feet to it!

Gear.
Any kind of daypack will do. Carry an ID, some cash, a mosquito and tick repellent, water, some snacks, a rain jacket, a first aid kit and a spare pair of socks and some warm clothes.

Doing the whole route from start to finish, staying at hotels along the way
This way you can really immerse yourself in the walk and enjoy the route to the full. At the same time your backpack stays quite light as you do not need to carry any camping equipment. The list of recommended hotels and hostels can be found here.

Outfit. Your choice of clothes and shoes should be dictated by the weather and your comfort. For a one-day trip you won't need anything special – just what you would wear for a walk in the nearest park. But do not forget that any new footwear needs some breaking-in before you can really trust your feet to it! It is important to break in any new shoes beforehand, and a spare pair of shoes can come in handy. Take some lighter and some warmer clothing for weather fluctuations. Dress in layers! Also carry a change of clothes for the hostel, the pilgrim house or the hotel. For the hostel you will also need some sleepwear.

Gear. Here you will need a real hiking backpack with wide shoulder straps and a belt. Carry an ID, some cash, a mosquito and tick repellent, water, some snacks, a rain jacket, a first aid kit and a spare pair of socks and some warm clothes. Do not forget any medicines you normally take. Some plaster and peroxide are essential in case your shoes start hurting your feet or you get blisters (but let's hope you will never need them).

Doing the whole route from start to finish, camping
This option is for the very experienced pilgrims who have gone on longer hikes and who have the equipment and the skills for camping and outdoor cooking.

Outfit. Your choice of clothes and shoes should be dictated by the weather and your comfort. For a one-day trip you won't need anything special – just what you would wear for a walk in the nearest park. But do not forget that any new footwear needs some breaking-in before you can really trust your feet to it! It is important to break in any new shoes beforehand, and a spare pair of shoes can come in handy. Take some lighter and some warmer clothing for weather fluctuations. Dress in layers! In addition to the previous list you will need something comfortable and warm, like thermal underwear, for the chilly nights in a tent.

Gear. Here you will need a real hiking backpack with wide shoulder straps and a belt. Pack a tent, a sleeping mat, a sleeping bag. Recommended campsites can be found here. A part of the route is located in a nature conservation zone where starting a fire is not allowed. Thus a gas stove burner is essential.
Also take an ID, some cash, a mosquito and tick repellent, water, food, a rain jacket, toiletries, a first aid kit and a spare pair of socks, and some warm clothes. Some plaster and peroxide are essential in case your shoes start hurting your feet or you get blisters (but let's hope you will never need them).